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Oil markets navigating volatility

Oil markets navigating volatility

 

Authored by:

Vandana Hari
Founder and CEO
Vanda Insights

With the Iran conflict disrupting supply and causing price volatility, Vandana Hari, Founder and CEO of Vanda Insights, explains the implications for the oil market. With Brent crossing triple digits before retreating, Vandana outlines her optimistic forecast even as the market grapples with the impact of shipping disruption in the Strait of Hormuz.

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Last week the Ras Tanura refinery in Saudi Arabia stopped production, Qatar halted LNG production of LNG, European natural gas prices soared, and Hormuz was almost drying up. Yet oil was below $80. What are your thoughts on this?

The Strait of Hormuz, the most vital artery for the global oil markets, is virtually blocked. And the Ras Tanura refinery was hit, I believe by debris of

an intercepted drone, and it suspended operations as a result of it just out of precaution. And, probably the much bigger news, especially for gas and energy markets, was QatarEnergy suspending LNG production. And yet Brent remained pretty much at $80 a barrel last week.

Putting all of this together, the market perhaps was optimistically looking at them as isolated incidents. My take on the price action is that the market, still struggling to get through all the noise and all the uncertainty, has perhaps tentatively concluded that this is not going to be a prolonged halt.

People have been talking again about stagflation, which is a very real risk. So where that brings me to is that I feel – and this is what I think the market is probably assuming at this point – is that the US has a backstop. It has a plan in place, or if it didn’t have originally it is going to put one together very quickly to ensure, either through military means or other means, that the Strait of Hormuz doesn’t remain blocked for too long.

So whether that be releasing stockpiles or perhaps reopening the negotiation route, I think that’s how the market is. Of course, the market will stand ready to react should things spiral more out of control.

In your recent column, you said the only way to get off this is an off ramp. Do you think an SPR release looks very likely?

The way I look at it is that there’s probably going to be a few backstops, and all of them either coming into play one after the other, or even simultaneously.

And I do get the impression from the few comments Secretary Marco Rubio offered that they are perhaps looking at a phased mitigation strategy. So we may not see all the sort of tools or solutions being thrown at the problem in one go, but perhaps in a phased manner. So you do one thing or one or two things and then wait and watch and see how it unfolds.

What I would really like to see is the measures taking into account the potential pain the world is facing, not just the US. What I mean by that is, of course, the US could release stockpiles from its SPR, about 415 million barrels sitting there, quite a thin cushion but nonetheless, it may be enough for the US.

But I think here’s where Washington will need to show its leadership to also put out, hopefully, some measures, that it will either escort the ships or make sure navigation within the Strait of Hormuz and into and out of Gulf reopens safely.

As a second sort of step to de-escalating this, I do believe that a return to diplomacy is the only off ramp, the real sustainable off ramp, because every other contingency measure, including releasing stockpiles, can only see you through for a few weeks.

I am assuming Washington realises that time is of the essence now, and it has to make sure that traffic in the Strait resumes very quickly and, as a stop gap measure, perhaps makes available some stockpiles. Not just from the US SPR, but potentially the IEA releasing its inventories or IEA member countries releasing inventories as well.

OPEC in ints latest meetign last week scheduled an output boost of around 206,000 barrels per day for April. How do you read that?

A return to phasing out the remaining cuts of about 1.24 million barrels per day were entirely expected, it was completely baked in.

They went for a little bit higher volume. Had Iran not been playing out, I think that would have probably been a little bit of a bearish signal, just marginally for the market, because for the most part, I think crude going into the end of last week had priced in OPEC+, G8 coming back, returning those barrels. But right now, they were taking that decision in extremely difficult circumstances…very hard to foresee how their flows may be. All their flows might be impacted, let alone the additional part, which will also be coming from the Gulf members.

So, I think it’s going to be a wait and watch situation for them as well. That additional flow is planned to come on stream from April 1, so we still have to get through, and they still have to get through March, where a far bigger question is going to be, how quickly their exports can resume normalcy.

Talking of stability of supply, how do you see that impacting customers?

It is a hugely worrying matter for the whole world right now because everybody, even if you are as a nation not consuming even a drop of oil that comes out of the Strait of Hormuz, you are exposed to the rally in oil prices and inflationary concerns and, of course, overall economic impact of this energy shock.

But it’s a far bigger concern right now for Asian refiners, for sure, because roughly 80% of the 20-21 million barrels per day of crude that comes, by far emerging Asia is seeing the biggest rate of growth in energy demand. Energy supply, security, affordability are major concerns for these emerging economies. And of course, here we’re talking about China, India, the vast majority of Southeast Asia. They are the most impacted. The governments and the refiners in these countries and other policymakers that are involved are obviously, I would imagine, the most busy.

We’ve heard a lot of contingency measures being discussed and being announced, a lot of reassuring statements come out as well, for instance from Japan that the country has X number of days of reserves so people should not get worried.

Some of the others we’ve heard is perhaps a ban on product exports, Thailand and I think India is also contemplating that. But again, all of these are just contingency measures which will perhaps see them through and maintain some sort of supply stability and prevent panic and pumps running dry for only a certain number of weeks.

At the end of the day I think all the countries, the entire world, is pinning its hopes that Washington knows what to do in order to prevent a major catastrophe in terms of an energy shock.

The situation is evolving rapidly. We don’t know exactly what’s going to happen over the coming days, but where do you see oil prices going from here?

Call me optimistic, but again, it’s more than just pure optimism. All my mathematics, the calculations, and that includes geopolitical calculations and as I mentioned I think Washington has to be very keenly aware of the responsibility at this point in time to ensure that this doesn’t spiral out of control…all of that put together tells me that we’ll probably see some strong mitigation measures for the time being, and a deescalation after that, which then puts me in the camp of base case scenario; crude going down.

I want to hold my breath for it, and I think we may have a lot of ups and downs between now and then, but I would err on the side of putting out my crystal ball as prices going down, rather than into the 80s and 90s and triple digits. While, again, hypothetically and mathematically, it is not out of the question for a prolonged shutdown of the blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, but that’s not my base case scenario for now.

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